Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Eleveld and Schnider Target-Controlled Infusion (TCI) Methods in Achieving Depth of Anesthesia

Authors

  • Damatus Try Hartanto Taopan Resident, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University – RSUP Prof Dr IGNG Ngoerah, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • I Putu Pramana Suarjaya Lecturer, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University – RSUP Prof Dr IGNG Ngoerah, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • IB Krisna Jaya Sutawan Lecturer, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University – RSUP Prof Dr IGNG Ngoerah, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University – RSUP Prof Dr IGNG Ngoerah, Denpasar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19166/med.v14i3.10154

Keywords:

Target-controlled infusion, Propofol, Schnider, Eleveld, Bispectral Index, Hypotension

Abstract

Background: Target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol is an anesthetic method that enables precise drug administration based on pharmacokinetic models. Schnider and Eleveld are two TCI propofol models that differ in predicting effect-site concentrations in the brain and responses measured by the Bispectral Index (BIS). This study aims to compare the effectiveness of both models in achieving optimal anesthesia depth and evaluate associated hypotension as a side effect.

Methods: This double-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial involved 44 patients aged 18–64 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the TCI Eleveld group (n = 22) and the TCI Schnider group (n = 22). The primary outcomes measured were CeP50 (effect-site concentration required to achieve BIS 50), total propofol dosage, and the incidence of hypotension.

Result: The TCI Eleveld group required a lower propofol concentration than the TCI Schnider group (3.05 mcg/mL vs. 3.8 mcg/mL; p < 0.001). The average propofol consumption was also lower in the Eleveld group (7.44 mg/kg/h vs. 8.19 mg/kg/h; p = 0.001). The incidence of hypotension showed no significant difference between the two groups (27.3% vs. 36.4%; p = 0.517).

Conclusions: The Eleveld TCI model is more effective than the Schnider model in optimizing anesthetic depth with a lower propofol dose. The reduced propofol usage in the Eleveld model potentially lowers the risk of hypotension, making it a better choice for general anesthesia.

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Published

2025-06-01

How to Cite

Taopan, D. T. H., Suarjaya, I. P. P., Sutawan, I. K. J., & Senapathi, T. G. A. (2025). Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Eleveld and Schnider Target-Controlled Infusion (TCI) Methods in Achieving Depth of Anesthesia. Medicinus, 14(3), 222–230. https://doi.org/10.19166/med.v14i3.10154

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): June

Section

Clinical Article

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Copyright (c) 2025 Damatus Try Hartanto Taopan, I Putu Pramana Suarjaya

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