IMPROVING EFL STUDENTS’ WRITING THROUGH PEER TUTORING [MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS MAHASISWA PEMBELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS SEBAGAI BAHASA ASING MELALUI TUTORING OLEH TEMAN SEBAYA]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19166/pji.v21i2.9619Kata Kunci:
EFL writing challenges, peer tutoring, Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, Zone of Proximal Development, scaffoldingAbstrak
This study investigates the writing challenges faced by Indonesian EFL students and examines the effectiveness of peer tutoring in enhancing their writing skills. Through a mixed-methods approach, data were collected via open- and closed-ended survey responses and writing assessments’ scores to 40 students as tutees, and semi-structured interviews with 4 peer tutors. The findings indicate that students struggle primarily with vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, and translation. These difficulties are interconnected, as limited vocabulary and grammatical knowledge hinder their ability to construct clear and coherent sentences. The results show that most students found peer tutoring beneficial, as it provided a supportive learning environment, personalized guidance, and reduced the pressure of traditional teacher-student interactions. However, some students reported minimal or no improvement, which could be attributed to factors such as lack of engagement or scheduling conflicts. These findings are analyzed through the lens of Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, particularly the concepts of the Zone of Proximal Development and scaffolding. The study highlights how peer tutoring facilitates learning by providing social interaction with more knowledgeable peers, enabling students to progress beyond their current level of competence. These insights suggest that educational institutions should integrate structured peer tutoring programs into EFL writing courses and provide teachers with the necessary training and resources to offer appropriate scaffolding tailored to students’ individual challenges. Future research should explore targeted interventions for students with lower engagement and investigate strategies to enhance the effectiveness of peer tutoring in EFL writing instruction.
Abstrak Bahasa Indonesia
Studi ini menyelidiki tantangan menulis yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa EFL Indonesia dan mengkaji efektivitas tutoring teman sebaya dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis mereka. Melalui pendekatan mixed-methods, data dikumpulkan melalui survei dengan pertanyaan terbuka dan tertutup serta nilai-nilai penilaian writing dari 40 siswa sebagai tutee, serta wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan 4 tutor sebaya. Temuan-temuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan, khususnya dengan kosakata, tata bahasa, struktur kalimat, dan terjemahan. Kesulitan-kesulitan tersebut saling terkait, karena kosakata dan pengetahuan tata bahasa yang terbatas menghambat kemampuan mereka untuk membuat kalimat yang jelas dan koheren. Hasil-hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar tutee merasa tutoring teman sebaya bermanfaat, karena memberikan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung, bimbingan yang personal, dan mengurangi tekanan dari interaksi tradisional antara guru dan siswa. Namun, beberapa tutee menyatakan sedikit atau tidak ada peningkatan, yang dapat dikaitkan dengan faktor-faktor seperti kurangnya keterlibatan atau konflik jadwal. Temuan-temuan tersebut dianalisis melalui lensa Teori Sosial Budaya Vygotsky, terutama konsep-konsep Zona Perkembangan Proximal (ZPD) dan scaffolding atau pendampingan. Studi ini menyoroti tutoring teman sebaya memfasilitasi pembelajaran dengan memberikan interaksi sosial dengan teman sebaya yang lebih berpengetahuan, memungkinkan siswa untuk maju melampaui tingkat kompetensi mereka saat ini. Hal-hal itu menunjukkan bahwa institusi pendidikan harus mengintegrasikan program tutoring teman sebaya yang terstruktur ke dalam mata kuliah writing EFL dan memberikan pelatihan serta sumber daya yang diperlukan kepada guru untuk melakukan scaffolding yang sesuai dengan tantangan-tantangan yang dimiliki setiap siswa. Penelitian di masa depan harus mengeksplorasi intervensi terarah untuk siswa dengan keterlibatan yang lebih rendah dan menyelidiki strategi-strategi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas tutoring teman sebaya dalam pembelajaran menulis EFL.
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