Independensi dan Efektivitas Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Sebagai Lembaga Pengawas dalam Bidang Perbankan di Indonesia [Independence and Effectiveness of Financial Services Authority as Monitoring Instution of Banking Sector in Indonesia]

Lydia Fransisca

Abstract


Since the enactment of Law FSA, national political law began to introduce a new paradigm in applying the model of monitoring the financial services sector in Indonesia by presenting the FSA as the unification of regulation and supervision that is independent, whereas previously the authority referred implemented by the Ministry of Finance, Bank Indonesia and Bapepam-LK. Along with the development, the application of the independence and effectiveness of the FSA considered impossible to implement because there are regulations governing the involvement of the government and Bank Indonesia in the Board of Commissioners FSA, unclear division of authority between Bank Indonesia and the FSA potential conflict of interest, up to the debate about the source of funding the FSA from the state budget and/or levies financial services sector. Based on this, the study is intended to assess the independence and effectiveness of the FSA, to find a solution on the concept of supervision applicable for adaptation in Indonesia. This study is a normative legal research with descriptive type. The approach used problem is a normative approach. The results of the studies in this research show that the FSA assessed through multiple indicator is an independent institution and to support thegovernment's political will for the creation of optimal financial services sector, harmonization number of rules as a consequence of the existence of the FSA for the creation of legal certainty. In addition, there is an alternative concept of supervision in accordance with the characteristics of the Indonesian economy, namely, the concept of twin peaks supervision.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Sejak berlakunya UU OJK, politik hukum nasional mulai mengintrodusir paradigma baru dalam menerapkan model pengawasan sektor jasa keuangan di Indonesia dengan menghadirkan OJK sebagai unifikasi pengaturan dan pengawasan yang bersifat independen, di mana sebelumnya kewenangan dimaksud dilaksanakan oleh Kementerian Keuangan, Bank Indonesia dan Bapepam-LK. Seiring perkembangan, penerapan independensi dan efektivitas OJK dianggap mustahil untuk dilaksanakan karena terdapat ketentuan yang mengatur keterlibatan pemerintah dan Bank Indonesia dalam Dewan Komisioner OJK, tidak jelasnya pembagian kewenangan antara Bank Indonesia dengan OJK yang berpotensi conflict of interest, hingga perdebatan mengenai sumber pendanaan OJK dari APBN dan/atau pungutan sektor jasa keuangan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji independensi serta efektivitas OJK, hingga menemukan solusi mengenai konsep pengawasan yang aplikatif untuk diadaptasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif. Pendekatan masalah yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif. Hasil dan kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa OJK dinilai melalui beberapa indikator merupakan lembaga yang independen dan untuk mendukung political will pemerintah akan terciptanya sektor jasa keuangan yang optimal, diperlukan harmonisasi sejumlah aturan sebagai konsekuensi atas eksistensi OJK demi terciptanya kepastian hukum. Selain itu, terdapat konsep alternatif pengawasan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik perekonomian Indonesia yaitu, konsep pengawasan twin peaks.

Keywords


Independence; the Financial Services Authority; Banking; Independensi; Otoritas Jasa Keuangan; Perbankan



DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/nj.v4i2.8730

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References


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