Plagiarism Policy

Submitted papers must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration by any other journal. Any verbatim text taken from other sources must be clearly distinguished from the author’s own words by:

• Indentation
• Quotation marks
• Proper source citation

Use of text exceeding fair‑use limits (defined here as more than two to three sentences or the equivalent) or the reproduction of any graphic materials requires permission from the copyright holder and, where possible, the original author(s). All such material must be properly credited to its source.

The acceptable plagiarism threshold is no more than 20%. All submitted manuscripts are screened using Turnitin plagiarism detection software.