STUDI FENOMENOLOGI: PERUBAHAN SEBELUM DAN SETELAH MENARCHE YANG DIALAMI OLEH ANAK PEREMPUAN USIA SEKOLAH DI KOTA PONTIANAK [A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY: CHANGE AFTER MENARCHE EXPERIENCED BY SCHOOL-AGE GIRLS IN PONTIANAK CITY]

Tamara Septia Chairunisa, Fitri Fujiana, Djoko Priyono

Abstract


Puberty in girls is indicated by menarche as one of the primary sex characteristics. Nowadays, the age of menarche is decreasing which then brings serious impacts in most developing countries, such as the unpreparedness of children to face menarche, early marriage, and the incidence of premarital sex.. This study aims to explore the changes experienced by adolescent girls of school age before and after menarche. This research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. There were six participants involved in this study that were taken using the purposive sampling technique and snowball sampling. Data were collected directly using in-depth interviews for 30 minutes on April 2021. There were four themes identified from the thematic analysis, those, (1) Physical Changes, Emotional Changes, Positive Changes, and Negative Changes. Various changes were experienced by school-age girls at the time of menarche. Children experience faster growth in various body systems. In addition to physical growth, children's emotions also become unstable when experiencing menarche. Children also experience positive and negative attitude changes at the time of menarche. Good knowledge, availability of sources of information, and support from the closest people are the main factors that affect a child's readiness to undergo a change in facing menarche.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Pubertas pada anak perempuan ditandai dengan munculnya ciri seks primer yang salah satunya adalah munculnya menarche. Dewasa ini, usia menarche kian mengalami penurunan yang memberikan dampak serius di sebagian besar negara berkembang seperti ketidaksiapan anak dalam menghadapi menarche, pernikahan usia dini serta kejadian seks pranikah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perubahan yang dialami remaja perempuan usia sekolah sebelum dan setelah menarche. Riset ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Sebanyak enam partisipan dilibatkan  dalam penelitian ini yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan metode pengumpulan sampel snowball sampling dan convenience sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung menggunakan teknik in depth interview selama 30 menit. Sebanyak empat tema teridentifikasi dari tematik analisis yaitu (1) Perubahan fisik; (2) Perubahan emosional; (3) Perubahan positif; (4) Perubahan negative. Berbagai perubahan dialami oleh perempuan usia sekolah pada saat menarche. Anak mengalami pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat di berbagai system tubuh. Selain pertumbuhan fisik, emosional anak juga menjadi tidak stabil ketika mengalami menarche. Anak juga mengalami perubahan sikap positif dan negative pada saat menarche. Pengetahuan yang baik, ketersediaan sumber informasi dan dukungan orang terdekat menjadi faktor utama yang memengaruhi kesiapan seorang anak menjalani perubahan dalam menghadapi menarche.

 


Keywords


Menarche; Menstruation; Puberty; School Girls



DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/nc.v10i1.5238

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