ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ALAT BANTU PENGANGKATAN PLY PADA MESIN BUILDING PT AST [ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING A PLY LIFTING TOOL ON BUILDING MACHINERY AT PT AST]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19166/jstfast.v8i1.8307Keywords:
lifting index, ply lifting tool, productivity, REBA, rapid entire body assessmentAbstract
PT AST is one of the leading tire manufacturing industries in Indonesia. In the building department, there are material replacement activities carried out manually by lifting heavy rolls of ply (material) to the machine which can pose a risk of injury to the operator. The engineering department has made a ply lifting tool, and tested it in May 2023, but it was not used in the production process. Therefore this research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this tool based on the operator productivity, standard time, and the level of risk of injury generated before and after use. Rapid Entire Body Assessment method, and Lifting Index were used to evaluate the injury risk. The paired t-test results showed that the worker productivity after using the tool (144 pcs/shift) was not significantly different from the worker productivity before using the tool (143,6 pcs/shift). The standard time of the material replacement process after using the tool was 122.15 seconds, longer than the replacement time without using the tool, which was 74.37 seconds. However, the longer replacement time did not significantly reduce overall worker productivity, because the proportion of this replacement time was only 2.3% of the total working time in one shift. The tool was able to reduce the level of injury risk based on REBA score from very high risk (11 points), to medium risk (7 points), and successfully eliminated the risk of back injury based on the lifting index value which dropped from 2.56 (high risk) to 0 (no risk). In conclusion, the ply lifting tool was functionally effective because it can reduce the potential injury to the operator.
Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:
PT AST merupakan salah satu industri manufaktur ban terkemuka di Indonesia. Pada departemen building, terdapat kegiatan penggantian material yang dilakukan secara manual dengan mengangkat gulungan ply (material) yang berat ke mesin yang dapat menimbulkan risiko cedera pada operator. Departemen engineering telah membuat alat bantu pengangkat ply, dan mengujicobakannya pada bulan Mei 2023, namun alat bantu tersebut tidak digunakan lebih lanjut dalam proses produksi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas alat bantu tersebut berdasarkan produktivitas operator, waktu baku, dan tingkat risiko cedera yang ditimbulkan sebelum dan sesudah alat bantu digunakan. Metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment dan Lifting Index digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat risiko cedera. Hasil uji-t berpasangan menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas pekerja setelah menggunakan alat bantu (144 pcs/shift) tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan produktivitas pekerja sebelum menggunakan alat bantu (143,6 pcs/shift). Waktu baku proses penggantian material setelah menggunakan alat bantu adalah 122,15 detik, lebih lama dibandingkan dengan waktu penggantian tanpa menggunakan alat bantu, yaitu 74,37 detik. Namun waktu penggantian yang lebih lama tersebut tidak menurunkan produktivitas pekerja secara keseluruhan secara signifikan, karena proporsi waktu penggantian ini hanya sebesar 2,3% dari total waktu kerja dalam satu shift. Alat bantu ini mampu menurunkan tingkat risiko cedera berdasarkan skor REBA dari risiko sangat tinggi (11 poin), menjadi risiko sedang (7 poin), dan berhasil mengeliminasi risiko cedera punggung berdasarkan nilai lifting index yang turun dari 2.56 (risiko tinggi) menjadi 0 (tidak berisiko). Kesimpulannya, alat bantu pengangkat ply efektif secara fungsional karena dapat mengurangi potensi cedera pada operator.
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