REVITALISASI PENDIDIKAN VOKASI DI INDONESIA: TRANSISI SEKOLAH KE DUNIA KERJA MELALUI FILOSOFI PENDIDIKAN MOH. SJAFEI [REVITALIZING VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: THE SCHOOL-TO-WORK TRANSITION THROUGH MOH. SJAFEI’S EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19166/pji.v22i1.10514Trefwoorden:
Curriculum reform, Education policy, Moh. Sjafei, School-to-work transitionSamenvatting
Indonesia's vocational education system faces ongoing challenges in facilitating the school-to-work transition. Despite various reform efforts, the high unemployment rate among vocational high school (SMK) graduates indicates a mismatch between educational outcomes and labor market needs. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 60 primary source articles from Google Scholar to identify key themes affecting vocational education performance: school-to-work transition gaps, policy and implementation issues, curriculum and pedagogical transformation, institutional barriers, and limited integration of local wisdom and character education. These findings are analyzed through the philosophical lens of Moh. Sjafei, a pioneering Indonesian educator who emphasizes holistic, community-based, and practice-oriented learning. The results demonstrate that Sjafei's "head, heart, hand" framework offers a culturally grounded alternative to address structural inefficiencies and human development gaps in current vocational education. The study concludes with a series of policy recommendations aligned with Sjafei's educational ideals, which advocate for reforms that balance technical skills with character building and contextual relevance. This integrated approach provides a meaningful pathway to revitalize vocational education and improve the employability of young people in Indonesia.
Abstrak Bahasa Indonesia
Sistem pendidikan vokasi di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan berkelanjutan dalam memfasilitasi transisi sekolah ke dunia kerja. Meskipun telah dilakukan berbagai upaya reformasi, tingginya angka pengangguran lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) menunjukkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara hasil pendidikan dan kebutuhan pasar tenaga kerja. Studi ini menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 60 artikel sumber utama dari Google Scholar untuk mengidentifikasi tema-tema utama yang memengaruhi kinerja pendidikan vokasi: kesenjangan transisi dari sekolah ke dunia kerja, isu kebijakan dan implementasi, transformasi kurikulum dan pedagogi, hambatan kelembagaan, serta terbatasnya integrasi kearifan lokal dan pendidikan karakter. Temuan-temuan ini dianalisis melalui sudut pandang filosofi Moh. Sjafei, seorang pendidik perintis Indonesia yang menekankan pembelajaran holistik, berbasis komunitas, dan berorientasi praksis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka kerja “otak, hati, tangan” Sjafei menawarkan alternatif yang berlandaskan budaya untuk mengatasi inefisiensi struktural dan kesenjangan pembangunan manusia dalam pendidikan vokasi saat ini. Studi ini diakhiri dengan serangkaian rekomendasi kebijakan yang selaras dengan cita-cita pendidikan Sjafei, yang mengadvokasi reformasi yang menyeimbangkan keterampilan teknis dengan pembentukan karakter dan relevansi kontekstual. Pendekatan terpadu ini menyediakan jalur yang berarti untuk merevitalisasi pendidikan kejuruan dan meningkatkan kemampuan kerja kaum muda di Indonesia.
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