A Study of Colin McPhee’s Balinese Ceremonial Music [Studi Karya Balinese Ceremonial Music oleh Colin McPhee ]

Teddy Purnama, Olivia Evelin Sundari

Abstract


Komposer musik barat mulai tertarik untuk mengeksplorasi ide eksotik pada abad ke-19, ide akan ketertarikan dengan tempat atau budaya yang asing. Salah satu komposer yang tertarik untuk mengeksplorasi exoticism adalah Colin McPhee, dikenal sebagai komposer barat pertama yang menulis tentang etnomusikologi, khususnya tentang musik Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karya McPhee yang berjudul Balinese Ceremonial Music dengan menggunakan perspektif teori musik barat dan musik gamelan Bali (komposisi, teknik, tuning). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang didapatkan dari hasil studi pustaka, analisis musik, dan wawancara dengan spesialis gamelan Bali yang bernama I Wayan Sudiarsa. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat banyak elemen interlocking (ritmis dan melodis). Selain itu, McPhee mengimitasi tuning dan instrumentasi gamelan Bali di dalam komposisinya. Walaupun terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan dari sisi organologi antara gamelan Bali dan instrumen piano, namun McPhee mengimitasi dan mengilustrasikan musik gamelan Bali ke dalam format piano duo dengan baik. Melalui karya ini, McPhee mempunyai keinginan untuk mengenalkan gamelan Bali kepada masyarakat yang lebih luas.

 

In the late nineteenth century, many western composers became interested in exploring ideas from the exotic lands; one of them was Colin McPhee, whom was considered as the first western composer and ethnomusicologist specializing in Balinese music. He wrote a composition titled Balinese Ceremonial Music for two pianos in 1934-38, and it is my aim to analyze this work by combining the perspectives of both Western tonal harmony and concepts of Balinese gamelan music. The qualitative method is used in this research by collecting information from books, journals, websites, and interviews with I Wayan Sudiarsa, an expert in Balinese gamelan. The Balinese Ceremonial Music shows many gamelan features, such as rhythmic and melodic interlocking, along with the Balinese gamelan tuning (pelog). McPhee clearly showed his intention in introducing the Balinese gamelan music to a broader public. Although the piano and Balinese gamelan ensemble have different organology, the way McPhee imitates and illustrates the gamelan music into the piano is monumental.


Keywords


Balinese music; exoticism; Colin McPhee; interlocking; Gamelan music

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References


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