Exploring the Innovativeness, Proactiveness, Risk Taking, CSR Support, Organizational Engagement, Job Engagement, and Creativity on PR Tirta Bangunan Baru

Zoel Hutabarat, Khennedy Kuswanto

Abstract


Companies that exist all around the world need to have the skills. Those skills are needed to become a flourishing company, because it’s not just about strategies or goals. It's also bound by the worker in that company. That bond is the worker or the employees of that company that contribute to the company which makes a difference against other competitors. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that employees need to be able to contribute by Innovativeness, Proactiveness, Risk Taking, CSR Support, Organizational Engagement, Job Engagement, and Creativity to the company. The data gathered was through the use of a survey approach using google forms in a series of questionnaires. The subject of this research is the employees of PT.Tirta Bangunan Baru. The method used is quantitative research and a purposive sampling is used for this research, The Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling which is SMART-PLS SEM is used for the technique to scrutinise the data (v 4.0.8.4). Validity and reliability tests were performed in this study with a pretest of 40 respondents. Furthermore, a total of 210 respondents were chosen for the sample size of this study. Additionally, the data concluded having 9 supported hypotheses and 2 not supported hypotheses from all 11 hypotheses that are included in this research. The data that has been gathered produced results to show all the variables examined had a positive effect on PT.Tirta Bangunan Baru employees.


Keywords


Innovativeness; Proactiveness; Risk Taking; CSR Support; Organizational Engagement; Job Engagement; Creativity; Employees

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alan M. Saks. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/02683940610690169/full/html

Andrew H. Gold, Arvind Malhotra, & Albert H. Segars. (2001). Knowledge manage- ment: an organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(1), 185–214. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045669

Anna C. K. Van Duijvenvoorde, & Eveline A. Crone. (2013). The Teenage Brain: A Neuroeconomic Approach to Adolescent Decision Making. Sage Jurnals, 22(2). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0963721413475446

Ante Glavas. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Engagement: Enabling Employees to Employ More of Their Whole Selves at Work. Frontiers in Psychology. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00796/full

Anuradha Iddagoda, & Henarath H. D. N. P Opatha. (2017). Identified Research Gaps in Employee Engagement. International Business Research, 10(2), 63–73. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311908732_Identified_Research_Gaps_in_Employee_Engagement

Arvind Kumar. (2020). Business Research Methodology. Chapter- Hypothesis Testing. https://www.lkouniv.ac.in/site/writereaddata/siteContent/202004021910157977arvind_kumar_com_BRM_hypothesis_testing.pdf

Baptiste Barbot, M. Besançon, & T. Lubart. (2015). Creative potential in educational settings: its nature, measure, and nurture. Education, 3–13. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Creative-potential-in-educational-settings%3A-its-and-Barbot-Besan%C3%A7on/f626d5e27491ecc375e9e759cd280cdd6c531569

Bruce Louis Rich, Jeffrey A. Lepine, & Eean R. Crawford. (2017a). Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3). https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amj.2010.51468988

Bruce Louis Rich, Jeffrey A. Lepine, & Eean R. Crawford. (2017b). Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3). https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amj.2010.51468988

C. Lejuez, W. Aklin, Heather A Jones, J. Richards, D. Strong, C. Kahler, & J. Read. (2003). The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) differentiates smokers and nonsmokers. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Balloon-Analogue-Risk-Task-(BART)-smokers-and-Lejuez-Aklin/858705e027e79e9836ca5be0bcbd3e3debdf5c41

Carmen Stoian, & Mark Gilman. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility That “Pays”: A Strategic Approach to CSR for SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 55(1), 5–31. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jsbm.12224

Christina Maslach, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, & Michael P. Leiter. (2001). Job Burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397–422. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397

Crina Damşa, & Alfredo Jornet. (2021). The unit of analysis in learning research: Approaches for imagining a transformative agenda. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 31. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2210656120300775

Darryl R. Roberts, & Thomas O. Davenport. (2002). Job engagement: Why it’s important and how to improve It. Employment Relations Today, 29(3), 21–29. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229504789_Job_engagement_Why_it%27s_important_and_how_to_improve_It

David P. Lepak, Jennifer A. Marrone, & Riki Takeuchi. (2004). The relativity of HR systems: Conceptualising the impact of desired employee contributions and HR philosophy. International Journal of Technology Management, 27, 6–7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247832545_The_relativity_of_HR_systems_Conceptualising_the_impact_of_desired_employee_contributions_and_HR_philosophy

Deddy Lukman Shaid. (2021). PEKERJA DI DKI JAKARTA PADA AGUSTUS 2021. Unit Pengelola Statistik.

Despoina Xanthopoulou, & Wilmar B. Schaufeli. (2009). Reciprocal relationships between job resources, personal resources, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 235–244. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0001879108001243?via%3Dihub

Feroze Kaliyadan, & Vinay Kulkarni. (2019). Types of Variables, Descriptive Statistics, and Sample Size. Indian Dermatol Online J, 10(1), 82–86. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6362742/

Fiona Tilley. (2002). Small firm environmental ethics: how deep do they go? Business Ethics: A European Review, 9(1), 31–41. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-8608.00167

Frederic Hilkenmeier, Carla Bohndick, Thomas Bohndick, & Johanna Hilkenmeier. (2020). Assessing Distinctiveness in Multidimensional Instruments Without Access to Raw Data – A Manifest Fornell-Larcker Criterion. Frontiers in Psychology. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00223/full

Gabriel Linton. (2019). Innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness in startups: a case study and conceptual development. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(20), 701. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40497-019-0147-5

Gaelle Duthler, & Ganga S. Dhanesh. (2018). The role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and internal CSR communication in predicting employee engagement: Perspectives from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Public Relations Review, 44(4), 453–462. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0363811118301139

G.D. Garson. (2016). Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) Regression and Structural Equation Models. . Statistical Associates Publishers.

Giles Hirst, Daan Van Knippenberg, & Jing Zhou. (2009). A Cross-Level Perspective on Employee Creativity: Goal Orientation, Team Learning Behavior, and Individual Creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 52(2). https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amj.2009.37308035

Glyn A. Holton. (2004). Defining Risk. Financial Analysts Journal, 60(6), 19–25. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4480615

Hair, F Joseph, W. C Black, B. J. Babin, & R. E. Anderson. (2014). Pearson Education Limited.

Hamed Taherdoost. (2016). Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research. SSRN Electronic Journa, 5(2), 18–27. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319998246_Sampling_Methods_in_Research_Methodology_How_to_Choose_a_Sampling_Technique_for_Research

Haque Adnan Ul, Aston John, Kozlovski Eugene, & Caha Zdeněk. (2020). Role of external CSR and social support programme for sustaining human capital in contrasting economies. POLISH JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, 22(1). https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-911c0476-c885-47e2-a8b4-92402b9f57d9

Harriet Hunt, Alex Pollock, Pauline Campbell, Lise Estcourt, & Ginny Brunton. (2018). An introduction to overviews of reviews: planning a relevant research question and objective for an overview. Systematic Reviews, 7(39). https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-018-0695-8

Hean Tat Keh, & Hwei Ping Ng. (2007). The effects of entrepreneurial orientation and marketing information on the performance of SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), 592–611. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0883902606000498

Helen Anderson. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility—The Case for Unsecured Creditors. Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal, 7(1), 93–124. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14729342.2007.11421479

Hussein Nabil Ismail, Adnan Iqbal, & Lina Nasr. (2019). Employee engagement and job performance in Lebanon: the mediating role of creativity. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(3). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0052/full/html

J. B. Ullman, & P. M. Bentler. (2012). Structural equation modeling. Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition, 2.

J. De Carvalho, & F. O. Chima. (2014). Applications of Structural Equation Modeling in Social Sciences Research. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 4(1), 6–11. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Applications-of-Structural-Equation-Modeling-in-Carvalho-Chima/e1b77d09820a27714060989fabe20592a3d914f5

Jatin Pandey, Manish Gupta, & Yusuf Hassan. (2021). Intrapreneurship to engage employees: role of psychological capital. Management Decision, 59(6). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/MD-06-2019-0825/full/html

Joseph F Hair, Marko Sarstedt, Christian M. Ringle, & Siggi Siegfried Gudergan. (2017). Advanced Issues in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Book Project: Advanced Issues in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317400451_Advanced_Issues_in_Partial_Least_Squares_Structural_Equation_Modeling

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Acad. Manage, 33, 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287

L Sexton, & B. Bowman. (1986). Validation of personality index:comparative psychological characteristics analysis of female entrepreneurs,. Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 40–51.

Larisa V Shavinina. (2003). THE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK ON INNOVATION. https://epdf.tips/the-international-handbook-on-innovation.html

Lee Anna Clark, & David Watson. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 309–319. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1996-93318-001

Liang Zeng, Robert W. Proctor, & Gavriel Salvendy. (2011). Can Traditional Divergent Thinking Tests Be Trusted in Measuring and Predicting Real-World Creativity? Creativity Research Journal , 23(1), 24–37. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10400419.2011.545713?scroll=top&needAccess=true

Liat Eldor, & Itzhak Harpaz. (2015). A process model of employee engagement: The learning climate and its relationship with extra-role performance behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(2), 213–235. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/job.2037

Lumpkin, G. T., & ;Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135. https://www.jstor.org/stable/258632?origin=crossref

M R Ab Hamid, W Sami, & M H Mohmad Sidek. (2017). Discriminant Validity Assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker criterion versus HTMT Criterion. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/890/1/012163/pdf

Maria Tri Handayani. (2021). 14 alasan kenapa perusahaan melakukan PHK. Careers. https://www.ekrut.com/media/alasan-perusahaan-melakukan-phk

Melissa J. Krauss, Bradley Evanoff, Eileen Hitcho, Kinyungu E, Ngugi, B., William Claiborne Dunagan, Irene Fischer, Stanley Birge, Shirley Johnson, Eileen Costantinou, & Victoria J. Fraser. (2005). A Case-control Study of Patient, Medication, and Care-related Risk Factors for Inpatient Falls. Journal of General Internal Medicine , 20, 116–122. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.40171.x

Moustafa Abdelmotaleb, & Sudhir K. Saha. (2018). Exploring the impact of being perceived as a socially responsible organization on employee creativity. Management Decision, 56(11). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/MD-06-2017-0552/full/html

Muhammad Asif, Miao Qing, Jinsoo Hwang, & Hao Shi. (2019). Ethical Leadership, Affective Commitment, Work Engagement, and Creativity: Testing a Multiple Mediation Approach. Sustainability , 11(16), 143–747. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/16/4489/htm

Nihat Karakoc, & Ayşe Kucuk Yilmaz. (2009). Employee Empowerment and Differentiation in Companies: A Literature Review and Research Agenda. . Enterprise Risk Management. , 1(2), 1937–7916. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277049247_Employee_Empowerment_and_Differentiation_in_Companies_A_Literature_Review_and_Research_Agenda

Noora Shrestha. (2020). Detecting Multicollinearity in Regression Analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 8(2), 39–42. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342413955_Detecting_Multicollinearity_in_Regression_Analysis

Olusegun Akinwande, H.G Dikko, & Samson Agboola. (2015). Variance Inflation Factor: As a Condition for the Inclusion of Suppressor Variable(s) in Regression Analysis. Open Journal of Statistics , 5(7), 754–767. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288059310_Variance_Inflation_Factor_As_a_Condition_for_the_Inclusion_of_Suppressor_Variables_in_Regression_Analysis

Peter N. C. Mohr, Guido Biele, & Hauke R. Heekeren. (2010). Neural Processing of Risk. Neuroscience, 30(19), 6613–6619. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/30/19/6613.full.pdf

Richa Chaudhary, & Anuja Akhouri. (2018). CSR perceptions and employee creativity: examining serial mediation effects of meaningfulness and work engagement. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/SRJ-01-2018-0018/full/html

Richard Klein, & Arun Rai. (2009). Interfirm Strategic Information Flows in Logistics Supply Chain Relationships. MIS Quarterly, 33(4), 735–762. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220260109_Interfirm_Strategic_Information_Flows_in_Logistics_Supply_Chain_Relationships

Rizwan Ali, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Talles Vianna Brugni, Jinsoo Hwang, Nguyen Vinh Khuong, & Thai Hong Thuy Khanh. (2019). Does CSR Moderate the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Chinese Firm’s Financial Performance? Evidence from the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Firms. Financial Risk Management and Sustainability. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/1/149

Roberta Heale, & Alison Twycross. (2016). Validity and reliability in quantitative studies. Evidence-Based Nursing, 18(3), 66–67. https://ebn.bmj.com/content/18/3/66.long

Serkan Dolma. (2010). The central role of the unit of analysis concept in research design. Journal of the School of Business Administration, 39(1), 169–174. https://www.academia.edu/505289/The_central_role_of_the_unit_of_analysis_concept_in_research_design

Simon L Albrecht, Arnold B Bakker, Jamie A Gruman, & William H Macey. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 2051–6614. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2014-0042/full/html

Sugiyono. (2012). Memahami Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: PT. Alfabet.

Sugiyono. (2019). Statistika untuk Penelitian. Bandung: CV Alfabeta.

T. Lubart, F. Zenasni, & Baptiste Barbot. (2013). Creative Potential and its Measurement. Psychology. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Creative-Potential-and-its-Measurement-Lubart-Zenasni/13aa5c1c61ed34c77172e1be1adecfa82e40af62

Tae-Won Kang, Paresha N. Sinha, Chang-Il Park, & Yong-Ki Lee. (2021). Exploring the Intra Entrepreneurship-Employee Engagement-Creativity Linkage and the Diverse Effects of Gender and Marital Status. Frontiers in Psychology. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.736914/full

Teresa M. Amabile, Regina Conti, Heather Coon, Jeffrey Lazenby, & Michael Herron. (1996). Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity. The Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1154–1184. https://people.wku.edu/richard.miller/amabile.pdf

Thompson S.H. Teo, Shirish C. Srivastava, & Li Jiang. (2009). Trust and Electronic Government Success: An Empirical Study. Journal of Management Information Systems, 25(3), 99–132. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220591172_Trust_and_Electronic_Government_Success_An_Empirical_Study

u Sekaran, & R. Bougie. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. john wiley & sons.

Utin Nina Hermina, & Sri Yanthy Yosepha. (2019). The Model of Employee Performance. . International Review of Management and Marketin, 9(3), 69–73. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332793540_The_Model_of_Employee_Performance

v. Wiratna Sujarweni. (2014). Metodologi penelitian lengkap, praktis, dan mudah dipahami.

Volker Nissen, & Alexander von Rennenkampff. (2017). Measuring the Agility of the IT Application Systems Landscape. TRACK 5 - IT MANAGEMENT AND IT STRATEGY. https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1062&context=wi2017

Wageeh A. Nafei. (2016). The Role of Organizational Agility in Reinforcing Job Engagement: A Study on Industrial Companies in Egypt. International Business Research, 9(2), 1913–9012. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wageeh-Nafei/publication/356262299_The_Role_of_Organizational_Agility_in_Reinforcing_Job_Engagement_A_Study_on_Industrial_Companies_in_Egypt/links/58f71498a6fdcc187f3a7d06/The-Role-of-Organizational-Agility-in-Reinforcing-Job-Engagement-A-Study-on-Industrial-Companies-in-Egypt.pdf

Wilmar B. Schaufeli, & Arnold B. Bakker. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement: Bringing clarity to the concept. Work Engagement: A Handbook of Essential Theory and Research, 10–24. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-06187-002

Won-Moo Hur, Tae-Won Moon, & Sung-Hoon Ko. (2018). How Employees’ Perceptions of CSR Increase Employee Creativity: Mediating Mechanisms of Compassion at Work and Intrinsic Motivation. Journal of Business Ethics , 153, 629–644. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-016-3321-5

Wynne W. Chin, & G. Marcoulides. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. Advances in Hospitality and Leisure, 8(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311766005_The_Partial_Least_Squares_Approach_to_Structural_Equation_Modeling

Yacoub Hamdan, & Ahmad Fathi Alheet. (2020). Influence of organisational culture on pro-activeness, innovativeness and risk taking behaviour of SMES. Entrepreneurship And Sustainability Issues, 8(1). http://jssidoi.org/jesi/uploads/articles/29/Hamdan_Influence_of_organisational_culture_on_proactiveness_innovativeness_and_risk_taking_behaviour_of_SMEs.pdf


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis | Universitas Pelita Harapan | Kampus Universitas Pelita Harapan | Gedung F Lt. 12 | Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang - 15811 | Telp 021-5460901 | Fax 54210992