EXPLORING THE ANTECEDENTS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION IN AN EMERGING COUNTRY

Elysia Poanto, Jacquelinda Sandra Sembel

Abstract


An emerging country like, Indonesia requires the young generation to be educated in order to help the nation to recover stronger from the devastating impact of COVID 19 Pandemic. The country requires a lot of business and entrepreneurial activities to transform it into a country with a stronger and more resilient economy. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of university students in Indonesia. The data was gathered through the use of a survey approach and the distribution of questionnaires. University students (New university entrants, bachelor's degrees, masters’ degrees, and doctorate degrees) studying in Indonesia are the target population for this study. Validity and reliability tests were performed in this study, and a pre-test with 32 respondents was conducted before the actual data collection. Furthermore, a total of 270 individuals were chosen as the sample size. Quantitative research was used, with judgmental sampling as the design sampling method. Moreover, the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling with SmartPLS was used to scrutinize the data in this study (v. 3.3.7). The data show that all of the variables examined have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. However, having three supported hypotheses; Entrepreneurial Mindset, Entrepreneurial Education, Perceived Behavioral Control, and two unsupported hypotheses; Self-Competence and Subjective Norms.


Keywords


Entrepreneurial mindset; Entrepreneurship education; perceived behavioral control; self-competence; subjective norms

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmed, T., Chandran, V., Klobas, J. E., Liñán, F., & Kokkalis, P. (2020). Entrepreneurship education programmes: How learning, inspiration, and resources affect intentions for new venture creation in a developing economy. The International Journal of Management Education, 18(1), Article 100327.

Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action control (pp. 11–39): Springer.

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.

Baron, R. A. (1998). Cognitive mechanisms in entrepreneurship: Why and when entrepreneurs think differently than other people. Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00031-1

Baron, R. A., & Henry, R. A. (2010). How entrepreneurs acquire the capacity to excel: Insights from research on expert performance. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 4(1), 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.82

Bird, B. 1988. Implementing Entrepreneurial Ideas: The Case for Intention. Academy of Management Review. Vol.13 No.3 p.442–453

Chasserio, S., Pailot, P., & Poroli, C. (2014). When entrepreneurial identity meets multiple social identities interplays and identity work of women entrepreneurs. Int J

Brännback, M., Nikou, S., Carsrud, A. L., & Hechavarria, D. (2018). Context, cognition and female entrepreneurial intentions: It is all about perceived behavioral control—A research agenda for women and entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar.

Chen, P., Powers, J. T., Katragadda, K. R., Cohen, G. L., & Dweck, C. S. (2020). A strategic mindset: An orientation toward strategic behavior during goal pursuit. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(25), 14066–14072. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002529117 [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]

Chin, W.W. (1998), “The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling”, in Marcoulides, G.A. (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research, Erlbaum, Mahwah, pp. 295–358

Ciuchta, M. P., & Finch, D. (2019). The mediating role of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions: Exploring boundary conditions. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 11, Article e00128

Conner, M., & Armitage, C. J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behavior: A review for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28,1429–1464

Cruz, L. D., Suprapti, N. W. S., & Yasa, K. (2015). Aplikasi theory of planned behavior dalam membangkitkan niat berwirausaha bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Unpaz, Dili Timor Leste. E-jurnal ekonomi dan bisnis Universitas Udayana, 4(12), 895-920

Dhaliwal, A. (2016). Role of entrepreneurship in economic development. International Journal of scientific research and management, 4(6).

Doanh, D. C., & Bernat, T. (2019). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention among Vietnamese students: A meta-analytic path analysis based on the theory of planned behavior. Procedia computer Science, 159, 2447–2460.

Do, B.-R., & Dadvari, A. (2017). The influence of the dark triad on the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude orientation and entrepreneurial intention: A study among students in Taiwan University. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(4), 185–191.

Entrepreneur Behav Res, 20(2), 128–154. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11- 2011-0157

Fini, R., Grimaldi, R., Marzocci, G.L. and Sobrera, M. (2009) ‘The foundation of entrepreneurial intention’, Paper presented at the Summer Conference on Copenhagen Business School.

Franke, N. and Luthje, C. (2004), Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business Students: A Benchmarking Study, International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 1(3), 269–288.

Gerba, D. (2012). Impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions of business and engineering students in Ethiopia. Afr. J. Econ. Manage. Stud. 3, 258–277. doi: 10.1108/20400701211265036

Goldberg, A. E. (2016). Quantitative Research. The SAGE Encyclopedia of LGBTQ Studies, 2015, 44–48. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483371283.n319

Gollwitzer, P. M. (1990). Action phases and mindsets. Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior, 2, 53–92. http://kops.uni-konstanz.de/bitstream/handle/123456789/17990/gollwitzer_mi ndset_theory.pdf?sequence=1 [Google Scholar]

Greene, P. G., & Brush, C. G. (2018). A research agenda for women and entrepreneurship: Identity through aspirations, behaviors and confidence. Edward Elgar.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European business review.

Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Sage publications.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A New Criterion for Assessing Discriminant Validity in Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Hsu, D. K., Shinnar, R. S., & Powell, B. C. (2014). Expectancy theory and entrepreneurial motivation: A longitudinal examination of the role of entrepreneurship education. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 26(1), 121–140.

Hussain, A., & Norashidah, D. (2015). Impact of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions of Pakistani Students. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, 2(1), 43–53.

Indarti, N. dan Rostiani, R. 2008. Intensi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa: Studi Perbandingan Antara Indonesia, Jepang dan Norwegia, Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis Indonesia. Vol.23 No.4

Iwu, C. G., Opute, P. A., Nchu, R., Eresia-Eke, C., Tengeh, R. K., Jaiyeoba, O., & Aliyu, O. A. (2019). Entrepreneurship education, curriculum, and lecturer-competency as antecedents of student entrepreneurial intention. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100295.

Jena, R. (2020). Measuring the impact of business management student’s attitude towards entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention: A case study. Computers in Human Behavior, 107, Article 106275.

Kaya, T., Erkut, B., & Thierbach, N. (2019). Entrepreneurial intentions of business and economics students in Germany and Cyprus: a cross-cultural comparison. Sustainability, 11(5), 1437.

Krueger, N.F. Jr., Reilly, M.D., and Carsrud, A.L. (2000), Competing Models of Entrepreneurial Intentions, Journal of Business Venturing, 15.

Kusmintarti, A., Thoyib, A., Ashar, K., & Maskie, G. (2014). The relationships among entrepreneurial characteristics, entrepreneurial attitude, and entrepreneurial intention. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(6), 25–32.

Lans, T., Gulikers, J., & Batterink, M. (2010). Moving beyond traditional measures of entrepreneurial intentions in a study among life-sciences students in the Netherlands. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 15(3), 259–274.

Lingappa, A. K., Shah, A., & Mathew, A. O. (2020). Academic, family, and peer influence on entrepreneurial intention of engineering students. SAGE Open, 10(3), Article 933877.

Luc, P. T. (2018). The relationship between perceived access to finance and social entrepreneurship intentions among university students in Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 5(1), 63–72

Lingappa, A. K., Shah, A., & Mathew, A. O. (2020). Academic, family, and peer influence on entrepreneurial intention of engineering students. SAGE Open, 10(3), Article 933877.

Luthje, C. and Franke N. (2003) ‘The “making” of an entrepreneur: testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT’, R&D Management, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp.135–147

Manstead, A. S. R., & van Eekelen, S. A. M. (1998). Distinguishing between perceived behavior control and self-efficacy in the domain of academic achievement intentions and behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1375–1392.

Mensah, I. K., Zeng, G., Luo, C., Xiao, Z., & Lu, M. (2021). Exploring the predictors of Chinese college students’ entrepreneurial intention. SAGE Open, 11(3), 21582440211029941.

Markman, G. D., Balkin, D. B., & Baron, R. A. (2002). Inventors and new venture formation: The effects of general self-efficacy and regretful thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 149–165.

Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N., & Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277–299.

Nguyen, A. T., Do, T. H. H., Vu, T. B. T., Dang, K. A., & Nguyen, H. L. (2019). Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions among youths in Vietnam. Children and Youth Services Review, 99, 186–193.

Nguyen, C. (2017). Entrepreneurial intention of international business students in Viet Nam: a survey of the country joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 1–13.

Ohanu, I. B., & Ogbuanya, T. C. (2018). Determinant factors of entrepreneurship intentions of electronic technology education students in Nigerian universities. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8(1), Article 36.

Ozaralli, N., & Rivenburgh, N. K. (2016). Entrepreneurial intention: Antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the USA and Turkey. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 6(1), Article 3

Pihie, Z. A. L., & Bagheri, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial efficacy of technical secondary school students. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 62(3), 351–366

Pollack, J. M., Carr, J. C., Michaelis, T. L., & Marshall, D. R. (2019). Hybrid entrepreneurs’ self-efficacy and persistence change: A longitudinal exploration. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 12, Article e00143

Rauch, A., & Hulsink, W. (2015). Putting entrepreneurship education where the intention to act lies: An investigation into the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial behavior. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 14(2), 187–204.

Reynolds PD, Hay M, Bygrave WD, Camp SM, Autio E. 2000. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2000

Rivis, A., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Current Psychology, 22, 218–233.

Sarstedt, M., & Cheah, J. H. (2019). Partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS: a software review.

Shabbir, M. S., Shariff, M. N. M., & Shahzad, A. (2016). Mediating role of perceived behavioral control and stakeholders’ support system on the relationship between entrepreneurial personal skills and entrepreneurial intentions of IT employees in Pakistan. International Business Management, 10(9), 1745–1755.

Shreevastava, R., Jadeja, A., & Brahmbhatt, M. (2020). Youth under construction for nation building: A model to predict the entrepreneurial readiness behavior among management stu- dents. Our Heritage, 68(22), 124–137

Vesalainen, J., & Pihkala, T. (1999). Motivation structure and entrepreneurial intentions. Retrieved 3 May 2014 from http://fusionmx.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers99/II/II_B/IIB.html

Wedayanti, N. P. A. A., & Giantari, I. G. A. K. (2016). Peran pendidikan kewirausahaan dalam memediasi pengaruh norma subyektif terhadap niat berwirausaha (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).

Wennekers, S., Thurik, R. (1999). Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth. Small business economics, 13(1), 27–56.

Yang, J. Y., & Li, J. (2008). The development of entrepreneurship in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25(2), 335–359.

Yousaf, U., Shamim, A., Siddiqui, H., & Raina, M. (2015). Studying the influence of entrepreneurial attributes, subjective norms, and perceived desirability on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of entrepreneurship in emerging economies.

Yuan, L., Qalati, S., Iqbal, S., Hussain, R., & Ali, S. (2019). Impact of prior work experience on entrepreneurial intention and theory of planned behaviour in the context of Pakistan. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Organization Management, 8, Article 268.

Yurtkoru, E. S,Kuscu, Z. K., Doganay, A., (2014), Exploring the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention on Turkish university students, / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 150 ( 2014 ) 841–850


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis | Universitas Pelita Harapan | Kampus Universitas Pelita Harapan | Gedung F Lt. 12 | Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang - 15811 | Telp 021-5460901 | Fax 54210992