The Neo-Mercantilist Model of Development for Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19166/verity.v9i18.772Kata Kunci:
neo-mercantilism, neo-mercantilist, mercantilism, developing economyAbstrak
Seventy-two years after gaining independence from the Netherlands, the Indonesian economy remains that of a developing country. Under the New Order, the country attained significant economic growth but failed to sustain it. Its neighboring countries like Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea have reached sensational economic growth and in a much shorter time were upgraded into developed country status. This article explains the economic model used in their economies that accelerated their economic standing. It finds that Neo-Merchantilist practice has successfully propelled economic growth in certain countries. Asian Tigers also demonstrate economic success with the same model. Learning from success and experience, this article recommends Indonesia to adopt a Neo-Merchantilist economic model for development in order to become a developed country.
BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Sudah 72 tahun Indonesia merdeka dari Belanda namun perekonomian Indonesia masih digolongkan sebagai negara berkembang. Indonesia mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi luar biasa di bawah Orde Baru, sayangnya pertumbuhan itu tidak berlangsung lama. Sebaliknya, tetangga Indonesia seperti Singapura, Hong Kong, Korea Selatan dan Taiwan telah mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang sensasional dan telah berpindah dari negara berkembang ke negara maju dalam waktu singkat. Bagaimana mereka melakukan ini? Model ekonomi manakah yang mereka terapkan pada ekonomi mereka? Apakah ada faktor pemicu lain diluar fokus ekonomi Investasi Asing Langsung (Foreign Direct Investmen/FDI) dan berorientasi kepada ekspor dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi? Artikel ini menemukan bahwa praktek ekonomi Neo-Mercantilist berhasil mendorong pembangunan pesat perekonomian Tiongkok. Macan-macan Asia juga menunjukkan perkembangan mengejar ekonomi maju seperti Dunia Barat dan Jepang dengan model yang sama. Haruskah Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang menggunakan model pembangunan ekonomi yang sama? Dengan melihat pengalaman dan keberhasilan ekonomi negara-negara tersebut, artikel ini merekomendasikan agar Indonesia juga menggunakan model pembangunan ekonomi Neo-Mercantilist untuk menjadi negara maju.
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