Teologi Makan dalam Alkitab: Studi Teologia Biblika tentang Makan, Persekutuan, dan Identitas Umat Allah
Schlagworte:
teologi makan;, teologi biblika;, Perjanjian Lama;, Perjanjian Baru;, Persekutuan;, Identitas umat Allah;, Hospitalitas;, teologi makanAbstract
Makan merupakan aktivitas biologis universal, tetapi dalam Alkitab ia tampil sebagai tindakan yang sarat makna teologis, sosial, liturgis, dan eskatologis. Banyak peristiwa penting dalam Kitab Suci berlangsung dalam konteks makan, mulai dari Taman Eden, perayaan Paskah, manna di padang gurun, perjamuan-perjamuan Israel, mukjizat roti, Perjamuan Terakhir, hingga perjamuan kawin Anak Domba. Artikel ini menelaah tema makan dalam keseluruhan kanon Alkitab dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dan pendekatan teologi biblika tematik-kanonik. Kajian dilakukan melalui pembacaan eksegetis terhadap teks-teks kunci dalam Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru, khususnya Kejadian 2–3, Yohanes 6, dan 1 Korintus 11, disertai dialog kritis dengan literatur teologi kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teologi makan dalam Alkitab sekurang-kurangnya memiliki empat dimensi utama, yaitu makan sebagai anugerah pemeliharaan Allah, makan sebagai tanda persekutuan, makan sebagai penanda identitas komunitas iman, dan makan sebagai antisipasi perjamuan eskatologis. Selain itu, tema makan berkaitan erat dengan persoalan ketaatan, pembentukan hasrat, solidaritas sosial, hospitalitas, kritik terhadap eksklusi, dan tanggung jawab ekologis. Temuan-temuan tersebut berimplikasi langsung bagi kehidupan gereja masa kini, khususnya dalam pengembangan spiritualitas makan, etika konsumsi, keadilan pangan, persekutuan lintas-batas, dan pemeliharaan ciptaan.
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