PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI PERNAPASAN DIAFRAGMA DALAM MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI PRIMER [THE EFFECTS OF DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING RELAXATION TECHNIQUE ON REDUCING BLOOD PRESSURE IN ELDERLY WITH PRIMARY HYPERTENSION]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19166/nc.v8i1.2718Keywords:
Elderly, Hypertension, Diaphragmatic Breathing RelaxationAbstract
Blood pressure most likely increases with age. If the elderly’s systolic pressure is more than 140 mmHg and their diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg, serious attention is definitely needed to decrease the risk of getting cardiovascular disease in the future. This study aims to determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing relaxation techniques on reducing blood pressure in the elderly with primary hypertension. This study uses a Quasi Experiment study with a non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study is the elderly who suffer from primary hypertension and live in a Social Rehabilitation Unit on the Western Indonesia. The sampling technique used in this study was proportionate stratified random sampling, with 15 elderly in the intervention groups and 15 elderly in the control groups. The intervention group was given diaphragmatic breathing relaxation exercises once a day for five days straight, and each exercise lasted for 10-15 minutes. The measurement of blood pressure using a mercury spygmomanometer and a stethoscope was done on the first day before implementing diaphragmatic breathing relaxation techniques and on the fifth day after breathing diaphragm breathing techniques was given. Based on the Mann Whitney test, the Z-score for cystolic blood pressure was -3,932 with a p-value of 0.001, while the Z-score for diastolic blood pressure was -4.019 with a p-value of 0.001. Given that these two p-values are smaller than a (0,05), it can be concluded that there is an influence of diaphragmatic breathing relaxation techniques on blood pressure in the elderly with primary hypertension. Thus, diaphragmatic breathing relaxation technique can be used to improve the elderly’s health, particularly as an alternative intervention to reduce blood pressure.
BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Seiring pertambahan usia tekanan darah mengalami peningkatan. Jika tekanan sistolik pada lansia mencapai lebih dari 140 mmHg dan diastolik 90 mmHg, maka diperlukan perhatian serius untuk menanganinya karena kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit kardiovaskular di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Pernafasan Diafragma Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia dengan Hipertensi Primer. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian Quasi Eksperiment dengan rancangan non equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang menderita hipertensi primer yang tinggal di satu Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Indonesia Bagian Barat. Teknik sampling yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah proportionate stratified random sampling berjumlah 15 lansia kelompok intervensi dan 15 lansia kelompok control. Pada kelompok intervensi diberikan latihan teknik relaksasi pernapasan diafragma satu kali dalam sehari selama lima hari berturut-turut, setiap latihan dilakukan selama 10-15 menit. Pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan spygmomanometer air raksa dan stetoskop pada hari pertama sebelum dilakukan teknik relaksasi pernafasan diafragma dan pada hari ke lima setelah dilakukan teknik relaksasi pernapasan diafragma. Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney, diperoleh Z hitung untuk tekanan darah sistole sebesar -3,932 dengan p-value sebesar 0,001, sedangkan Z hitung untuk tekanan darah diastole sebesar -4,019 dengan p-value 0,001. Oleh karena kedua p-value ini lebih kecil dari a (0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh teknik relaksasi pernafasan diafragma terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi primer. Upaya untuk meningkatkan kesehatan, teknik relaksasi pernafasan diafragma dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif intervensi untuk menurunkan tekanan darah terutama pada lansia.
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