Multidiscpinary Approach in Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Henry Kodrat

Abstract


Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is endemic in Indonesia. The purpose of the review is to describe the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures and staging, management and treatment options, and follow-up. Multi-disciplinary approach to the NPC not only for treatment, but also has been started from the diagnosis proccess. The multidisciplinary approach also plays role after treatment, especially for the follow-up and rehabilitation of post-treatment toxicity.

Keywords: cancer, nasopharynx, radiotherapy.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/med.v5i2.1168

References


Cao SM, Simons MJ, Qian CN. The prevalence and prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Chin J Cancer 2011; 30(2): 114-119.

Ma J, Chao S. The epidemiology of nasopharyngeal cancer. In: Lu JJ, Cooper JS, Lee AWM (ed). Nasopharyngeal cancer multidisciplinary management. Heidelberg: Springer 2010; p. 1-7.

Adham M, Kurniawan AN, Muhtadi AI, Roezin A, Hermani B, Gonhowiardjo S. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesia: epidemiology, incidence, signs and symptoms at presentation. Chin J Cancer 2012: 31(4): 185-196.

Raab-Traub N. Ebstein –Barr virus in the pathogenesis of NPC. Semin Cancer Biol 2002; 12(6): 431-441.

Tabuchi K, Nakayama M, Nishimura B, Hayashi K, Hata A. Early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Otolaryngol 2011; xx:1-6.

Chan ATC, Gregoire V, Lefebvre JL, Licitra L, Hui EP, Leung SF et al. Nasopharyngeal cancer: EHNS-ESMO-ESTRO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2012; 23(s7): 83-85.

Lee AWM, Perez CA, Law SCK, Chua DTT, Wei WI, Chong V. Nasopharnx. In: Perez and Brady’s principles and practice of radiation oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2008. p. 820 – 857

Christodouleas JP, Sanguineti G. Nasopharyngeal cancer. In: Hristov B, Lin SH, Christodouleas JP (ed). Radiation oncology; a question-based review. Philadephia: Lippincott William & Wilkins 2011, p. 138-144.

Prasad G, Rembert J, Hansen EK, Yom SY. Nasopharyngeal cancer. In: Hansen EK, Roach M (ed). Handbook of evidence-based radiation oncology. 2nd Ed. New York: Springer, 2010, p. 99 -108.

Lo SS, Lu JJ. Natural history, presenting symptoms and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer. In: Lu JJ, Cooper JS, Lee AWM (ed). Nasopharyngeal cancer multidisciplinary management. Heidelberg: Springer 2010; p. 41-52.

Chan JKC, Pilch BZ, Kou TT, Wenig BM, Lee AWM. Tumours of the nasopharynx. In: Barnes L, Everson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D (ed). WHO classifications of tumours: Pathology & genetics head and neck tumours. Lyon: IARC Press, 2005, p. 81-97.

Loong HH, Chan ATC. Controversies in the systemic treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2014; 50: 785-790.

Seiwert TY, Salama JK, Vokes EE. The concurrent chemoradiation paradigm – general principles. Nature Clin Prac Oncol 2007; 4: 86-100.

Lee N, Harris J, Garden AS, Straube W, Glisson B, Xia P et al. Intensity modulated radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Radiation therapy oncology group phase II trial 0225. J Clin Oncol 2009; 29(27): 3684-3690.

Nutting CM, Morden JP, Harrington KJ, Urbano TG, Bhide SA, Clark C et al. Parotid sparing intensity modulated versus conventional radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (PARSPORT): a phase 3 multicentre randomized controlled trial.Lancet Oncol 2011; 12(2): 127-136

Kam MK, Chau RM, Suen J, Choi PH, Theo PM. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: dosimetric advantage over conventional plans and feasibility of dose escalation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003; 56(1): 145-157.

Lu JJ, Gregoire V, Lin S. Selection and delineation of target volumes in intensity modulated radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal cancer. In: Lu JJ, Cooper JS, Lee AWM (ed). Nasopharyngeal cancer multidisciplinary management. Heidelberg: Springer 2010; p. 213-231.

Kwong DLW, Sham JST, Au GKH, Chua DDT, Kwong PWK, Cheng ACK et al. Concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a factorial study. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22(13): 2643-2653.

Al-Sarraf M, LeBlanc M, Giri PG, Fu KK, Cooper J, Voung T et al. Chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer: phase III randomized Intergroup study 0099. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16(4): 1310-1317.

Bahl M, Siu LL, Pond GR, Kim J, Tannock IF, Mayley A et al. Tolerability of the intergroup 0099 (INT 0099) regimen in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer with a focus on patients nutritional status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 60(4): 1127-36.

Baujat B, Audry H, Bourhis J, Chan AT, Onat H, Chua DT et al. Chemotheapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an individual patient data meta-analysis of eight randomized trials and 1753 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 64(1): 47-56.

Blanchard P. Lee A, Marguet S, Leclereq J, Ng WT, Ma J et al. Chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy carcinoma: an update of the MAC-NPC meta analysis: Lancet Oncol 2015; 16: 645-655.

Yan M, Kumachev A, Siu LL, Chan KKW. Chemoradiotherapy regimen for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51: 1570 – 1579.

Chen L, Hu CS, Chen HZ,, Hu GQ, Cheng ZB, Sun Y et al. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a phase 3 multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2012; 13: 163-171.

Smith BG, Lewin JS. The role of lymphedema management in head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 18(3): 153-158.

Deng J, Murphy BA, Dietrich MS, Wells N, Wallston KA, Sinard RJ et al. The impact of secondary lymphedema after head and neck cancer treatment on symptoms, functional status and quality of life. Head Neck 2013; 35(7): 1026-1035.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Henry Kodrat

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Creative Commons License

MEDICINUS is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Copyright © Fakultas Kedokteran | Universitas Pelita Harapan | Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia, 15811 . All rights reserved. p-ISSN 1978-3094 | e-ISSN 2622-6995