PENGARUH WAKTU PEREBUSAN DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN TOTAL SENYAWA FENOLIK DAN FLAVONOID BIR ALE [Effect of Boiling Time and Fermentation Time on the Increasing of Total Phenolic and Falavonoid in Ale Beer]

Adolf Jan Nexson Parhusip, Aileen N. Wydiapranata, Fernando Ogyen Iwantoro, Lincoln Halim

Abstract


The use of all-extract brewing method can simplify ale brewing process because mashing process is unnecessary. Boiling and fermentation using the right time can increase total phenolic and flavonoid compounds of beer. This research was conducted to determine the best boiling and fermentation time to increase total phenolic and flavonoid compounds by considering SNI beer quality requirements. Ale brewing refers to Standard American Ale with modification with boiling time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 minutes) and fermentation time (5, 7, 9, 11, 13 days) treatments. The tested parameters include pH value, total soluble solid, alcohol content, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoid compounds. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as yeast. The results showed that the treatment of 30 minutes of boiling time and 9 days of fermentation time has the best results with a pH value of 4.875±0.007, a total soluble solid of 9.25±0.35 oBrix, an alcohol content of 4.8±0%, the highest total phenolic compounds of 351.3±4.24 mg GAE/ml, and the highest total flavonoid compounds of 34.8±0.7 mg QE/ml. The characteristics of the produced ale beer are in accordance with the beer quality requirements.

Abstrak

 Penggunaan metode all-extract brewing dapat mempermudah proses pembuatan bir ale karena proses mashing tidak perlu dilakukan. Proses perebusan dan fermentasi dengan menggunakan waktu yang tepat dapat meningkatkan total senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid bir yang dihasilkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu perebusan dan fermentasi terbaik dalam meningkatkan total senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid dengan mempertimbangkan persyaratan mutu bir SNI. Pembuatan bir ale mengacu pada Standard American Ale dengan modifikasi dengan perlakuan waktu perebusan (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 menit) dan waktu fermenasi (5, 7, 9, 11, 13 hari). Parameter yang diuji meliputi nilai pH, total padatan terlarut, kadar alkohol, total senyawa fenolik, dan total senyawa flavonoid. Ragi yang digunakan adalah Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan waktu perebusan 30 menit dan waktu fermentasi 9 hari memiliki hasil terbaik dengan nilai pH sebesar 4,875±0,007, total padatan terlarut sebesar 9,25±0,35 oBrix, kadar alkohol sebesar 4,8±0%, total senyawa fenolik tertinggi sebesar 351,3±4,24 mg GAE/ml, dan total senyawa flavonoid tertinggi sebesar 34,8±0,7 mg QE/ml. Karakteristik bir ale yang dihasilkan sudah sesuai dengan persyaratan mutu bir.


Keywords


ale beer, all-extract brewing, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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References


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